Logical and physical architecture
Whenever you deploy a SharePoint environment, in reality, you’re deploying a logical architecture called a SharePoint farm. A SharePoint farm is a set of servers that have different roles and offer various services that together make up a server farm suitable for hosting a full SharePoint deployment. Here are the common server roles in a SharePoint farm:- Front-end web servers These servers publish websites, often called web applications.
- Application servers These servers host back-end services, such as Search services, the User Profile service, Excel Services, and so forth.
- Database servers These servers store configuration and content data for the entire SharePoint farm.
The smallest farm you can build is based on a single server; this type is often called the single server farm deployment. However, it is highly recommended that you avoid such a scenario, except for testing or development.
Sharepoint Heirarchy
SPFarm -> SPServer -> SPServices - >SPWebServices ->SPWebApplication ->SPSite Collection
-> SPWeb ->SPList ->SPField ->SPItem ->SPFile ->SPFolder
A simplified schema of a sample SharePoint farm with an N-tier topology.
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